Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs - Revision history

Alibarun: /* References */

2021-02-28T21:58:23Z

References

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:58, 28 February 2021
Line 208:		Line 208:
	== References ==		== References ==
	<references />		<references />

	~~Online sources were chosen with regard to~~

Alibarun: /* References */

2021-02-28T21:56:59Z

References

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:56, 28 February 2021
Line 208:		Line 208:
	== References ==		== References ==
	<references />		<references />
	Online sources were chosen with regard to
			Online sources were chosen with regard to

Alibarun: /* References */

2021-02-28T21:56:50Z

References

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:56, 28 February 2021
Line 208:		Line 208:
	== References ==		== References ==
	<references />		<references />
			Online sources were chosen with regard to

Alibarun: /* The need for Self-actualization */

2021-02-28T21:55:27Z

The need for Self-actualization

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:55, 28 February 2021
Line 45:		Line 45:
	Maslow indicated that the need for respect or reputation is most important for children and adolescents and precedes real self-esteem or dignity.		Maslow indicated that the need for respect or reputation is most important for children and adolescents and precedes real self-esteem or dignity.

	===='''The need for ~~Self~~-actualization'''====		===='''The need for self-actualization'''====

	This level is the highest level of the pyramid of needs. It refers to the realization of a person's potential, self-fulfillment, seeking personal growth, and peak experiences. <ref name="number9">https://www.simplypsychology.org/maslow.html#references</ref>		This level is the highest level of the pyramid of needs. It refers to the realization of a person's potential, self-fulfillment, seeking personal growth, and peak experiences. <ref name="number9">https://www.simplypsychology.org/maslow.html#references</ref>

Alibarun at 21:55, 28 February 2021

2021-02-28T21:55:09Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:55, 28 February 2021
Line 83:		Line 83:
	This paragraph is giving examples of needs from different levels of the pyramid. It can help the project manager to realize the needs of his employees and be able to make the workplace much more productive and efficient.		This paragraph is giving examples of needs from different levels of the pyramid. It can help the project manager to realize the needs of his employees and be able to make the workplace much more productive and efficient.

	''' ~~PSYCHOLOGICAL~~'''		''' Psychological needs'''

	* acceptable pay and working conditions		* acceptable pay and working conditions
Line 95:		Line 95:


	''' ~~SAFETY~~'''		''' Safety needs'''

	* job security		* job security
Line 105:		Line 105:


	''' ~~SOCIAL NEEDS~~'''		''' Social needs'''

	* working in a team		* working in a team
Line 114:		Line 114:


	''' ~~ESTEEM NEEDS~~'''		''' Esteem needs'''

	* having a purpose		* having a purpose
Line 121:		Line 121:


	''' ~~SELF~~-~~ACTUALIZATION NEEDS~~ '''		''' Self-actualization needs '''

	* promotion opportunities, possibilities to grow		* promotion opportunities, possibilities to grow

Alibarun: /* Roles and responsibilities of project manager */

2021-02-28T21:51:54Z

Roles and responsibilities of project manager

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:51, 28 February 2021
Line 136:		Line 136:
	Motivation is a cardinal and a complicated function that managers must perform in organizations for their survival and success.		Motivation is a cardinal and a complicated function that managers must perform in organizations for their survival and success.

	''Daft R.L and Marcic. D (2001:410) defines motivation as ''the internal and external forces that arouse enthusiasm, desire, purpose, and persistence to pursue a certain course of action''. and Mullins L.J (2005:479) also describes motivation as 'the direction and persistence of action. It is concerned with why people choose a particular course of action in preference to others, and why they continue with a chosen action, often over a long period, and in the face of difficulties and problems.''<ref> name="number21" Comparing and contrasting Abraham Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs		''Daft R.L and Marcic. D (2001:410) defines motivation as ''the internal and external forces that arouse enthusiasm, desire, purpose, and persistence to pursue a certain course of action''. and Mullins L.J (2005:479) also describes motivation as 'the direction and persistence of action. It is concerned with why people choose a particular course of action in preference to others, and why they continue with a chosen action, often over a long period, and in the face of difficulties and problems.''<ref name="number21" > Comparing and contrasting Abraham Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
	and Herzberg’s Two Factor (Hygiene and Motivation) Theories, Ilukor Geresom, School of Hygiene-Mbale </ref>		and Herzberg’s Two Factor (Hygiene and Motivation) Theories, Ilukor Geresom, School of Hygiene-Mbale </ref>

Alibarun: /* Limitations and inadequacies */

2021-02-28T21:51:10Z

Limitations and inadequacies

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:51, 28 February 2021
Line 149:		Line 149:
	Along with a huge number of supportive views and studies on the hierarchy of needs, the theory has been criticized as well.		Along with a huge number of supportive views and studies on the hierarchy of needs, the theory has been criticized as well.
	Looking at the Maslows pyramid of needs from an intuitive perspective, there seems to be a great amount of sense. Although there is only very little evidence to fully support its hierarchical phase		Looking at the Maslows pyramid of needs from an intuitive perspective, there seems to be a great amount of sense. Although there is only very little evidence to fully support its hierarchical phase
	<ref> name="number21"> Comparing and contrasting Abraham Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs and Herzberg’s Two Factor (Hygiene and Motivation) Theories, Ilukor Geresom, School of Hygiene-Mbale </ref> and while applying in real life, the theory has its limitation.		<ref name="number21"> Comparing and contrasting Abraham Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs and Herzberg’s Two Factor (Hygiene and Motivation) Theories, Ilukor Geresom, School of Hygiene-Mbale </ref> and while applying in real life, the theory has its limitation.

	Maslow's theory is widely popular both in and out of psychology. Not only fields of business but also education has been particularly influenced by the theory. While popular, Maslow's concept has not been without criticism.		Maslow's theory is widely popular both in and out of psychology. Not only fields of business but also education has been particularly influenced by the theory. While popular, Maslow's concept has not been without criticism.

Alibarun: /* Limitations and inadequacies */

2021-02-28T21:50:38Z

Limitations and inadequacies

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:50, 28 February 2021
Line 148:		Line 148:

	Along with a huge number of supportive views and studies on the hierarchy of needs, the theory has been criticized as well.		Along with a huge number of supportive views and studies on the hierarchy of needs, the theory has been criticized as well.
	Looking at the Maslows pyramid of needs from an intuitive perspective, there seems to be a great amount of sense. Although there is only very little evidence to fully support its hierarchical phase <ref> name="number21" Comparing and contrasting Abraham Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs		Looking at the Maslows pyramid of needs from an intuitive perspective, there seems to be a great amount of sense. Although there is only very little evidence to fully support its hierarchical phase
	and Herzberg’s Two Factor (Hygiene and Motivation) Theories, Ilukor Geresom, School of Hygiene-Mbale </ref> and while applying in real life, the theory has its limitation.		<ref> name="number21"> Comparing and contrasting Abraham Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs and Herzberg’s Two Factor (Hygiene and Motivation) Theories, Ilukor Geresom, School of Hygiene-Mbale </ref> and while applying in real life, the theory has its limitation.

	Maslow's theory is widely popular both in and out of psychology. Not only fields of business but also education has been particularly influenced by the theory. While popular, Maslow's concept has not been without criticism.		Maslow's theory is widely popular both in and out of psychology. Not only fields of business but also education has been particularly influenced by the theory. While popular, Maslow's concept has not been without criticism.

Alibarun: /* Disadvantages of the theory */

2021-02-28T21:48:49Z

Disadvantages of the theory

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:48, 28 February 2021
Line 183:		Line 183:
	* Maslow considered only a narrow segment of the human population		* Maslow considered only a narrow segment of the human population
	* Some levels, such as self-esteem and security have broadly diverse classifications in cultures around the world		* Some levels, such as self-esteem and security have broadly diverse classifications in cultures around the world
	* ~~That~~ brings difficulties for researchers to measure these needs or to generalize them across all human populations		* It brings difficulties for researchers to measure these needs or to generalize them across all human populations

	== Conclusion ==		== Conclusion ==

Alibarun: /* Limitations and inadequacies */

2021-02-28T21:47:53Z

Limitations and inadequacies

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:47, 28 February 2021
Line 154:		Line 154:
	Maslow has been criticized for laying down needs in a particular order. Needs don’t follow a hierarchy – Some of the researchers have not been able to substantiate the idea of a needs hierarchy. There are craftsmen, poets, sculptures, painters who have devoted their entire life towards the fulfillment of self-actualization need without having satisfied physical, safety or even social needs. The level of need satisfaction differs from person to person hence the theory cannot be universally applied.		Maslow has been criticized for laying down needs in a particular order. Needs don’t follow a hierarchy – Some of the researchers have not been able to substantiate the idea of a needs hierarchy. There are craftsmen, poets, sculptures, painters who have devoted their entire life towards the fulfillment of self-actualization need without having satisfied physical, safety or even social needs. The level of need satisfaction differs from person to person hence the theory cannot be universally applied.

	In general, the theory is difficult to test, and especially Maslow's definition of self-actualization is difficult to test scientifically. His research was also based on a very limited sample of individuals, including people he knew as well as biographies of famous individuals that Maslow believed to be self-actualized.		In general, the theory is difficult to test, and especially Maslow's definition of self-actualization is difficult to test scientifically. His research was also based on a very limited sample of individuals, including people he knew as well as biographies of famous individuals that Maslow believed to be self-actualized. <ref name="number8">Hierarchy of needs in 21 century: the examination of vocational differences. Researches on science and art in 21st-century turkey. Chapter 23. H. Tezkan Uysal, Sibel Aydemir, Emine Genc</ref>

	For example, a worker who is a sole income earner for the whole family may feel job security as his most dominant need.		For example, a worker who is a sole income earner for the whole family may feel job security as his most dominant need.
	Therefore it is possible to deduce that we may not find the needs in the given order and that the strength of a particular need is situation-based		Therefore it is possible to deduce that we may not find the needs in the given order and that the strength of a particular need is situation-based
	The model does not consider the probability of cultural differences and assumes that the same needs apply equally to all human cultures.		The model does not consider the probability of cultural differences and assumes that the same needs apply equally to all human cultures.

	As the theory predicts that as people move up in the management hierarchy, they are motivated by increasingly higher-level needs. Maslows need hierarchy theory is almost a non-testable theory. For example, his definition of self-actualization is difficult to test scientifically.

	==== Research example on the order of the Hierarchy of Needs ====		==== Research example on the order of the Hierarchy of Needs ====