Lean construction – Principles and application - Revision history

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	<ref name="tfv"> Figure illustrating how the TFV-theory is interconnected,		<ref name="tfv"> Figure illustrating how the TFV-theory is interconnected,
	[online] Available at: <>. </ref>		[online] Available at: <https://www.arcom.ac.uk/-docs/proceedings/ar2005-0331-0340_Sard%E9%96%9A_and_Stehn.pdf>. </ref>

	<ref name="sub"> Figure illustrating the components making lean construction sustainable,		<ref name="sub"> Figure illustrating the components making lean construction sustainable,

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	<ref name="lps"> Figure illustrating the workflow of the Last Planner System,		<ref name="lps"> Figure illustrating the workflow of the Last Planner System,
	[online] Available at: <>. </ref>		[online] Available at: <https://leanconstruction.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Salem-e-al.-2005-Site-implementation-and-assessment-of-lean-construction-techniques.pdf>. </ref>

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	[[File:tfv_wiki.jpg\|right\|400px\|thumb\|Visual representation on how TFV is interconnected.]]		[[File:tfv_wiki.jpg\|right\|400px\|thumb\|Visual representation on how TFV is interconnected.<ref name="tfv"/>]]


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	[[File:Substain_pic.jpg\|right\|350px\|thumb\|Aspects of lean construction that makes the management technique sustainable.]]		[[File:Substain_pic.jpg\|right\|350px\|thumb\|Aspects of lean construction that makes the management technique sustainable.<ref name="sub"/>]]

	===Sustainability===		===Sustainability===
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	[[File:LPS_pic.jpg\|center\|500px\|thumb\|Workflow-map for the processes of the Last Planner System.]]		[[File:LPS_pic.jpg\|center\|500px\|thumb\|Workflow-map for the processes of the Last Planner System.<ref name="lps"/>]]

	The steps of used and preformed in the ''Last Planner System'' are as follows:		The steps of used and preformed in the ''Last Planner System'' are as follows:

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	<ref name="sub"> Figure illustrating the components making lean construction sustainable,		<ref name="sub"> Figure illustrating the components making lean construction sustainable,
	[online] Available at: <>. </ref>		[online] Available at: <https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Area-of-linkage-between-lean-construction-and-in-Dixit-Mandal/bb7f20675bd2cd18a71878a486c10481bb049cd6>. </ref>

	<ref name="lps"> Figure illustrating the workflow of the Last Planner System,		<ref name="lps"> Figure illustrating the workflow of the Last Planner System,
	[online] Available at: <>. </ref>		[online] Available at: <>. </ref>

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	[online] Available at: <>. </ref>		[online] Available at: <>. </ref>

	<ref name="lps"> Figure illustrating ,		<ref name="lps"> Figure illustrating the workflow of the Last Planner System,
	[online] Available at: <>. </ref>		[online] Available at: <>. </ref>

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References

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	<ref name="uk"> Ogunbiyi, O., 2014. An empirical study of the impact of lean construction techniques on sustainable construction in the UK		<ref name="uk"> Ogunbiyi, O., 2014. An empirical study of the impact of lean construction techniques on sustainable construction in the UK
	[online] Available at: <https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/CI-08-2012-0045/full/pdf?casa_token=2Hty8KvKgoAAAAAA:Cz63pY_oLlQNTA4kWes8XK55Vlwt9wR9wR22lvtFVggRnTgZfuN8ZspnHstwx0nn5mrIIYXBouDHN_mcu0eldhDctJ58feo6zQAbPJkH4o-WBBdH8Dcmgw> [Accessed 11 March 2022]. </ref>		[online] Available at: <https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/CI-08-2012-0045/full/pdf?casa_token=2Hty8KvKgoAAAAAA:Cz63pY_oLlQNTA4kWes8XK55Vlwt9wR9wR22lvtFVggRnTgZfuN8ZspnHstwx0nn5mrIIYXBouDHN_mcu0eldhDctJ58feo6zQAbPJkH4o-WBBdH8Dcmgw> [Accessed 11 March 2022]. </ref>

			<ref name="tfv"> Figure illustrating how the TFV-theory is interconnected,
			[online] Available at: <>. </ref>

			<ref name="sub"> Figure illustrating the components making lean construction sustainable,
			[online] Available at: <>. </ref>

			<ref name="lps"> Figure illustrating ,
			[online] Available at: <>. </ref>

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Annotated bibliography

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	==Annotated bibliography==		==Annotated bibliography==

	*Tariq Abdelhamid, 2008,'''LEAN CONSTRUCTION: FUNDAMENTALS AND PRINCIPLES''': This article explains the major principles of lean construction and also how to implement the management technique.		*Tariq Abdelhamid, 2008, '''LEAN CONSTRUCTION: FUNDAMENTALS AND PRINCIPLES''': This article explains the major principles of lean construction and also how to implement the management technique.

	*Trond Bølviken, 2018,'''THE WASTES OF PRODUCTION IN CONSTRUCTION – A TFV BASED TAXONOMY''': This article elaborates the 7 wastes of Ohno and how they relate to Koskela's TFV-theory.		*Trond Bølviken, 2018, '''THE WASTES OF PRODUCTION IN CONSTRUCTION – A TFV BASED TAXONOMY''': This article elaborates the 7 wastes of Ohno and how they relate to Koskela's TFV-theory.

	*Mohd Arif Marhani, 2013,'''Sustainability Through Lean Construction Approach: A Literature Review''': This study goes through the fundamental concepts of lean construction and also its barriers, it is then discussed what makes the management technique sustainable.		*Mohd Arif Marhani, 2013, '''Sustainability Through Lean Construction Approach: A Literature Review''': This study goes through the fundamental concepts of lean construction and also its barriers, it is then discussed what makes the management technique sustainable.

	==References==		==References==

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	The last main barrier of lean construction is government and financial barriers. This due to inflation, additional construction cost and poor salaries. Also, the lack of incentives or reward systems and sufficient sources of funding is a barrier for lean construction in particular and construction in general. There are some solutions to these kinds of problems, provision of contingency cost is preventing construction projects from inflation or additional cost due to instability of the construction market. <ref name="singapore"/>		The last main barrier of lean construction is government and financial barriers. This due to inflation, additional construction cost and poor salaries. Also, the lack of incentives or reward systems and sufficient sources of funding is a barrier for lean construction in particular and construction in general. There are some solutions to these kinds of problems, provision of contingency cost is preventing construction projects from inflation or additional cost due to instability of the construction market. <ref name="singapore"/>

	==~~Annoted~~ bibliography==		==Annotated bibliography==

			*Tariq Abdelhamid, 2008,'''LEAN CONSTRUCTION: FUNDAMENTALS AND PRINCIPLES''': This article explains the major principles of lean construction and also how to implement the management technique.

			*Trond Bølviken, 2018,'''THE WASTES OF PRODUCTION IN CONSTRUCTION – A TFV BASED TAXONOMY''': This article elaborates the 7 wastes of Ohno and how they relate to Koskela's TFV-theory.

			*Mohd Arif Marhani, 2013,'''Sustainability Through Lean Construction Approach: A Literature Review''': This study goes through the fundamental concepts of lean construction and also its barriers, it is then discussed what makes the management technique sustainable.

	==References==		==References==

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References

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	<ref name="singapore"> Mohd, A.M., 2013. Sustainability through Lean Construction Approach: A		<ref name="singapore"> Mohd, A.M., 2013. Sustainability through Lean Construction Approach: A
	literature review [online] Available at: <~~file~~:///~~C:/Users~~/~~nikla~~/~~Downloads~~/~~1-s2.0-~~S1877042813020776~~-main.pdf~~> [Accessed 15 March 2022]. </ref>		literature review [online] Available at: <https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1877042813020776> [Accessed 15 March 2022]. </ref>

	<ref name="kos"> Koskela, L.J., 2013. The foundations of lean construction [online] Available at <https://www.researchgate.net/publication/28578914_The_foundations_of_lean_construction> [Accessed 8 March 2022]. </ref>		<ref name="kos"> Koskela, L.J., 2013. The foundations of lean construction [online] Available at <https://www.researchgate.net/publication/28578914_The_foundations_of_lean_construction> [Accessed 8 March 2022]. </ref>

	<ref name="mik"> Thommasen, M., 2003. EXPERIENCE AND RESULTS FROM IMPLEMENTING LEAN CONSTRUCTION IN A LARGE DANISH CONTRACTING FIRM		<ref name="mik"> Thommasen, M., 2003. EXPERIENCE AND RESULTS FROM IMPLEMENTING LEAN CONSTRUCTION IN A LARGE DANISH CONTRACTING FIRM
	[online] Available at: <~~file~~:///~~C:/Users~~/~~nikla/Downloads/Thomassenetal2003-ExperienceandResultsFromImplementingLeanConstructioninaLargeDanishContractingFirm.pdf~~> [Accessed 11 March 2022]. </ref>		[online] Available at: <https://www.researchgate.net/publication/265110860_Experience_and_results_form_implementing_lean_construction_in_a_large_danish_contracting_firm> [Accessed 11 March 2022]. </ref>

	<ref name="uk"> Ogunbiyi, O., 2014. An empirical study of the impact of lean construction techniques on sustainable construction in the UK		<ref name="uk"> Ogunbiyi, O., 2014. An empirical study of the impact of lean construction techniques on sustainable construction in the UK
	[online] Available at: <https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/CI-08-2012-0045/full/pdf?casa_token=2Hty8KvKgoAAAAAA:Cz63pY_oLlQNTA4kWes8XK55Vlwt9wR9wR22lvtFVggRnTgZfuN8ZspnHstwx0nn5mrIIYXBouDHN_mcu0eldhDctJ58feo6zQAbPJkH4o-WBBdH8Dcmgw> [Accessed 11 March 2022]. </ref>		[online] Available at: <https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/CI-08-2012-0045/full/pdf?casa_token=2Hty8KvKgoAAAAAA:Cz63pY_oLlQNTA4kWes8XK55Vlwt9wR9wR22lvtFVggRnTgZfuN8ZspnHstwx0nn5mrIIYXBouDHN_mcu0eldhDctJ58feo6zQAbPJkH4o-WBBdH8Dcmgw> [Accessed 11 March 2022]. </ref>

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	==Annoted bibliography==		==Annoted bibliography==




			==References==

	<references>		<references>
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	<ref name="kos"> Koskela, L.J., 2013. The foundations of lean construction [online] Available at <https://www.researchgate.net/publication/28578914_The_foundations_of_lean_construction> [Accessed 8 March 2022]. </ref>		<ref name="kos"> Koskela, L.J., 2013. The foundations of lean construction [online] Available at <https://www.researchgate.net/publication/28578914_The_foundations_of_lean_construction> [Accessed 8 March 2022]. </ref>


	~~==References==~~

	<ref name="mik"> Thommasen, M., 2003. EXPERIENCE AND RESULTS FROM IMPLEMENTING LEAN CONSTRUCTION IN A LARGE DANISH CONTRACTING FIRM		<ref name="mik"> Thommasen, M., 2003. EXPERIENCE AND RESULTS FROM IMPLEMENTING LEAN CONSTRUCTION IN A LARGE DANISH CONTRACTING FIRM