Knowns and Unknowns - Revision history

Dionysios Maroulis: /* Knowns and Unknowns matrix */

2022-03-20T11:01:27Z

Knowns and Unknowns matrix

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	[[File: Design thinking techniques that can be used to deal with the categories.PNG\|450px\|thumb\|right\|<b>Figure 3:</B> Design thinking techniques]]		[[File: Design thinking techniques that can be used to deal with the categories.PNG\|450px\|thumb\|right\|<b>Figure 3 [https://uxdesign.cc/the-knowns-and-unknowns-framework-for-design-thinking-6537787de2c5]:</B> Design thinking techniques]]

	==Unknown knowns==		==Unknown knowns==

Dionysios Maroulis: /* Knowns and Unknowns matrix */

2022-03-20T10:59:57Z

Knowns and Unknowns matrix

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	Lateral thinking tools, such as analogies, enable you to perceive those knowns in a new perspective, allowing you to build a parallel world to the one you know. The idea is to deviate from convention, to produce something useful and unique from something (facts) that is likely not valuable since it is already being exploited.		Lateral thinking tools, such as analogies, enable you to perceive those knowns in a new perspective, allowing you to build a parallel world to the one you know. The idea is to deviate from convention, to produce something useful and unique from something (facts) that is likely not valuable since it is already being exploited.

	[[File: Knowns and Unknowns Matrix.png\|450px\|thumb\|right\|<b>Figure 2:</B> Knowns and Unknowns Matrix]]		[[File: Knowns and Unknowns Matrix.png\|450px\|thumb\|right\|<b>Figure 2 [https://medium.com/the-world-in-the-future/known-knowns-unknown-knowns-and-unknown-unknowns-b35013fb350d]:</B> Knowns and Unknowns Matrix]]

	==Known Unknowns==		==Known Unknowns==

Dionysios Maroulis: /* The Johari window */

2022-03-20T10:59:08Z

The Johari window

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	It was developed in 1955 by American psychologists Joseph Luft and Harry Ingham at the University of California, Los Angeles, while exploring group dynamics. In 1955, the UCLA Extension Office published the concept in the Proceedings of the Western Training Laboratory in Group Development, which was later extended by Joseph Luft. Because of the present emphasis on, and effect of,'soft' skills, behavior, empathy, collaboration, inter-group growth, and interpersonal development, the Johari Window paradigm is especially important today. The name Johari comes from the two authors, how decided to name this model after them self (JOseph and HARrIngton).		It was developed in 1955 by American psychologists Joseph Luft and Harry Ingham at the University of California, Los Angeles, while exploring group dynamics. In 1955, the UCLA Extension Office published the concept in the Proceedings of the Western Training Laboratory in Group Development, which was later extended by Joseph Luft. Because of the present emphasis on, and effect of,'soft' skills, behavior, empathy, collaboration, inter-group growth, and interpersonal development, the Johari Window paradigm is especially important today. The name Johari comes from the two authors, how decided to name this model after them self (JOseph and HARrIngton).

	[[File: Johari_Window.PNG\|450px\|thumb\|right\|<b>Figure 4:</B> The Johari Window]]		[[File: Johari_Window.PNG\|450px\|thumb\|right\|<b>Figure 4 [https://kiwilooseinmuseums.wordpress.com/2016/12/05/known-unknowns-rumsfeld-and-the-johari-window/]:</B> The Johari Window]]

	==The four quadrants of Johari Window==		==The four quadrants of Johari Window==

Dionysios Maroulis: /* Knowns and Unknowns matrix */

2022-03-20T10:57:12Z

Knowns and Unknowns matrix

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	=Knowns and Unknowns matrix=		=Knowns and Unknowns matrix=

	[[File: Knowledge tree.png\|600px\|thumb\|right\|<b>Figure 1:</B> Knowledge tree]]		[[File: Knowledge tree.png\|600px\|thumb\|right\|<b>Figure 1.[https://in.pinterest.com/pin/465841155209670312/]:</B> Knowledge tree]]

	==Known Knowns==		==Known Knowns==

Dionysios Maroulis: /* The relation with Project Management */

2022-03-20T10:49:46Z

The relation with Project Management

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	All project management teams can benefit from the Knowns and Unknows matrix. During the planning phase it is really important for the team to identify and examine all possible risks and design solutions. All these risks can be identified if the knowledge and the information available to the team is managed correctly.		All project management teams can benefit from the Knowns and Unknows matrix. During the planning phase it is really important for the team to identify and examine all possible risks and design solutions. All these risks can be identified if the knowledge and the information available to the team is managed correctly.

	Furthermore, the Johari window can benefit both the individual team member and the project team in total. Building the cohesion of the team by providing transparency and improving the relationships within the members is vital for the functionality and the longevity of the team. Simultaneously, each member is evolving, increasing his self-awareness and becoming more comfortable with his working environment resulting into higher productivity		Furthermore, the Johari window can benefit both the individual team member and the project team in total. Building the cohesion of the team by providing transparency and improving the relationships within the members is vital for the functionality and the longevity of the team. Simultaneously, each member is evolving, increasing his self-awareness and becoming more comfortable with his working environment resulting into higher productivity.

	=Knowns and Unknowns matrix=		=Knowns and Unknowns matrix=

Dionysios Maroulis: /* Open/free area or Arena */

2022-03-20T10:44:23Z

Open/free area or Arena

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	===Open/free area or Arena===		===Open/free area or Arena===

	At this part of the matrix, both oneself and others are aware of information. Having a big pool of data known by everyone increase the productivity and facilitates the operation between individuals and teams. Basic information that are contained in this quadrant are feelings, emotions, experience, knowledge that is known by each individual group member. Furthermore, when this area is well developed mistrust and miscommunication or conflicts are rarely been noticed. At his book, Loft refers to this quadrant as the are of free activity. Individual should always look to expand this area in order to contribute to teams effectiveness and healthy operation <ref name="The Johari Window: a graphical model of awareness in interpersonal relations">Luft, J. [https://docuri.com/download/the-johari-window-a-graphic-model_59c1d45cf581710b2865a986_pdf The Johari Window: a graphical model of awareness in interpersonal relations]~~. Retrieved 7 January 2021.~~</ref>.		At this part of the matrix, both oneself and others are aware of information. Having a big pool of data known by everyone increase the productivity and facilitates the operation between individuals and teams. Basic information that are contained in this quadrant are feelings, emotions, experience, knowledge that is known by each individual group member. Furthermore, when this area is well developed mistrust and miscommunication or conflicts are rarely been noticed. At his book, Loft refers to this quadrant as the are of free activity. Individual should always look to expand this area in order to contribute to teams effectiveness and healthy operation <ref name="The Johari Window: a graphical model of awareness in interpersonal relations">Luft, J. [https://docuri.com/download/the-johari-window-a-graphic-model_59c1d45cf581710b2865a986_pdf The Johari Window: a graphical model of awareness in interpersonal relations]</ref>.

Dionysios Maroulis: /* Hidden area or Façade */

2022-03-20T10:43:51Z

Hidden area or Façade

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	=== Hidden area or Façade===		=== Hidden area or Façade===

	This section has information, knowledge, skills, emotions, learning that an individual project team member has not yet shared with the rest of team. This happened either from luck of communication or from a personal choice to keep certain information secret from everyone else. Hidden information could be also trauma or fears. It's extremely personal and private information and sentiments to be kept private; in fact, certain knowledge, feelings, and experiences have no influence on work and may and should be kept private. However, most secret information isn't really personal; instead, it's work- or performance-related, and so belongs in the open<ref name=" Johari Window Model and Free Diagrams ">Chapman, A. Businessballs. (2017, updated 2020). [https://www.businessballs.com/self-awareness/johari-window-model-and-free-diagrams/ Johari Window Model and Free Diagrams]~~. Retrieved 15 February 2021.~~</ref>.		This section has information, knowledge, skills, emotions, learning that an individual project team member has not yet shared with the rest of team. This happened either from luck of communication or from a personal choice to keep certain information secret from everyone else. Hidden information could be also trauma or fears. It's extremely personal and private information and sentiments to be kept private; in fact, certain knowledge, feelings, and experiences have no influence on work and may and should be kept private. However, most secret information isn't really personal; instead, it's work- or performance-related, and so belongs in the open<ref name=" Johari Window Model and Free Diagrams ">Chapman, A. Businessballs. (2017, updated 2020). [https://www.businessballs.com/self-awareness/johari-window-model-and-free-diagrams/ Johari Window Model and Free Diagrams]</ref>.
	Possible questions to retrieve some information:		Possible questions to retrieve some information:
	*” I see a Disability Assist Statement has just been added to your record card. Is there any support you might need?”		*” I see a Disability Assist Statement has just been added to your record card. Is there any support you might need?”

Dionysios Maroulis: /* Exercise-Workshop */

2022-03-20T10:42:52Z

Exercise-Workshop

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	===Exercise-Workshop===		===Exercise-Workshop===

	Subjects are given a list of 55 descriptors and are asked to choose five or six that best characterize their own personality. The subject's peers are given the same list and are asked to choose five or six adjectives that best characterize the topic. After that, the adjectives are mapped onto a grid.		Subjects are given a list of 55 descriptors and are asked to choose five or six that best characterize their own personality. The subject's peers are given the same list and are asked to choose five or six adjectives that best characterize the topic. After that, the adjectives are mapped onto a grid. <ref>"Linked-in link to the creation of Johari's window" https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/johari-window-kamal-parmar</ref>

	For The Open area or Arena both subjects and their peers pick adjectives and place them in the "Open area" quadrant. For the Hidden or Façade the adjectives are selected only by the participants. These information represent traits that only the participants know about themselves. Consecutively, at the Blind Spot quadrant only the peers choose adjectives that characterize what the subjects are unaware of but also express how they subjects' behavior is perceived from the rest of the team. The remaining adjectives that are not selected represent the participants' behavior that were not recognized neither from themselves nor their peers. This might be because of their lack of knowledge in some aspects of their work or because of their ignorance of the existence of these traits.		For The Open area or Arena both subjects and their peers pick adjectives and place them in the "Open area" quadrant. For the Hidden or Façade the adjectives are selected only by the participants. These information represent traits that only the participants know about themselves. Consecutively, at the Blind Spot quadrant only the peers choose adjectives that characterize what the subjects are unaware of but also express how they subjects' behavior is perceived from the rest of the team. The remaining adjectives that are not selected represent the participants' behavior that were not recognized neither from themselves nor their peers. This might be because of their lack of knowledge in some aspects of their work or because of their ignorance of the existence of these traits.

Dionysios Maroulis: /* Blind area or Blind spot */

2022-03-20T10:37:50Z

Blind area or Blind spot

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	=== Blind area or Blind spot ===		=== Blind area or Blind spot ===

	Loft refers to it as the quadrant "''where others can see things in ourselves of which we are unaware''" <ref name="The Johari Window: a graphical model of awareness in interpersonal relations">Luft, J. [https://docuri.com/download/the-johari-window-a-graphic-model_59c1d45cf581710b2865a986_pdf The Johari Window: a graphical model of awareness in interpersonal relations]~~. Retrieved 7 January 2021.~~</ref>. This part of the matrix contains all the information that are unknown to oneself but known to the rest of the group. An example that this quadrant can represent is when an individual just joined an already established project team. In this situation the member has not yet meet and interact with his colleagues but at the same time has not work on the different projects that the team was assigned, so he lacks of some vital information. Situations that belong in this quadrant are governed from ineffectiveness and misunderstandings and confusion. The individuals and teams should always focus to make this area smaller as soon as possible either by providing data to new members or putting efforts for a greater communication.		Loft refers to it as the quadrant "''where others can see things in ourselves of which we are unaware''" <ref name="The Johari Window: a graphical model of awareness in interpersonal relations">Luft, J. [https://docuri.com/download/the-johari-window-a-graphic-model_59c1d45cf581710b2865a986_pdf The Johari Window: a graphical model of awareness in interpersonal relations]</ref>. This part of the matrix contains all the information that are unknown to oneself but known to the rest of the group. An example that this quadrant can represent is when an individual just joined an already established project team. In this situation the member has not yet meet and interact with his colleagues but at the same time has not work on the different projects that the team was assigned, so he lacks of some vital information. Situations that belong in this quadrant are governed from ineffectiveness and misunderstandings and confusion. The individuals and teams should always focus to make this area smaller as soon as possible either by providing data to new members or putting efforts for a greater communication.

	It is difficult for someone to know his/her blind spot; ignorance and self-confidence might result as a barrier. Another impediment for the exploration in this area might be the politeness which may be part of the culture of the team which subsequently disrupts constructive and challenging conversations. It is important, especially at the early stages where all team members’ relations are new, to have the courage and be comfortable talking and analyzing possible blind spots of your teammates. At the same time being open-minded and proactive on feedback solicitation will definitely develop someone’s knowledge area and increase his/her awareness. Feedback solicitation is the mean to decrease the “Blind area or Blind spot” and increase the “Open/free area or Arena”		It is difficult for someone to know his/her blind spot; ignorance and self-confidence might result as a barrier. Another impediment for the exploration in this area might be the politeness which may be part of the culture of the team which subsequently disrupts constructive and challenging conversations. It is important, especially at the early stages where all team members’ relations are new, to have the courage and be comfortable talking and analyzing possible blind spots of your teammates. At the same time being open-minded and proactive on feedback solicitation will definitely develop someone’s knowledge area and increase his/her awareness. Feedback solicitation is the mean to decrease the “Blind area or Blind spot” and increase the “Open/free area or Arena”

Dionysios Maroulis: /* Unknown area or Unknown */

2022-03-20T10:35:04Z

Unknown area or Unknown

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	As this area contains all the information that the individuals or the project team in total, do not know that exist an emotion of fear and uncertainty can be created but both should deal with ambiguity as a chance where innovation and novel ideas can be created as well as talents and competences to be revealed.		As this area contains all the information that the individuals or the project team in total, do not know that exist an emotion of fear and uncertainty can be created but both should deal with ambiguity as a chance where innovation and novel ideas can be created as well as talents and competences to be revealed.

	It is also possible to disclose information from in the Unknown Area. Luft argued that the Unknown Area could be explored in multiple ways<ref name="The Johari Window: a graphical model of awareness in interpersonal relations">Luft, J. [https://docuri.com/download/the-johari-window-a-graphic-model_59c1d45cf581710b2865a986_pdf The Johari Window: a graphical model of awareness in interpersonal relations]~~. Retrieved 7 January 2021.~~</ref>:		It is also possible to disclose information from in the Unknown Area. Luft argued that the Unknown Area could be explored in multiple ways<ref name="The Johari Window: a graphical model of awareness in interpersonal relations">Luft, J. [https://docuri.com/download/the-johari-window-a-graphic-model_59c1d45cf581710b2865a986_pdf The Johari Window: a graphical model of awareness in interpersonal relations]</ref>:
	*''"Intentionally doing things you have not done before"''		*''"Intentionally doing things you have not done before"''
	*''"Continuously exploring both the Blind and Hidden areas"''		*''"Continuously exploring both the Blind and Hidden areas"''