HAZOP method, deviation analysis - Revision history

Tkokotas at 18:24, 17 November 2018

2018-11-17T18:24:45Z

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			''Developed by Marion Chambon''


	The Hazard and Operability analysis (HAZOP) was developed by Imperial Chemical Industry in 1963. At first, it was established for chemical industries, in order to evaluate risks related to the possible deviations of a project.		The Hazard and Operability analysis (HAZOP) was developed by Imperial Chemical Industry in 1963. At first, it was established for chemical industries, in order to evaluate risks related to the possible deviations of a project.
	HAZOP is a systematic and structured method mainly used during the first design stage. It is also regularly updated during the operating stage of the plant. The main theory assumes that deviation forms are triggered by the operating design and bring about risky events. Deviations are defined as departures from an intention, an established course or an accepted standard. A team is created, terminologies are clarified, and a preliminary HAZOP enables members to acquire sufficient knowledge about the studied system. The plant is divided into parts, and study nodes are selected. The plant’s ''operating parameters'' (pressure, temperature…) are defined by parameters associated with ''guide words''(more, less, no for instance) so that deviations are revealed and quantified. As a consequence, the plant is reviewed in a safer, more reliable and more efficient way.		HAZOP is a systematic and structured method mainly used during the first design stage. It is also regularly updated during the operating stage of the plant. The main theory assumes that deviation forms are triggered by the operating design and bring about risky events. Deviations are defined as departures from an intention, an established course or an accepted standard. A team is created, terminologies are clarified, and a preliminary HAZOP enables members to acquire sufficient knowledge about the studied system. The plant is divided into parts, and study nodes are selected. The plant’s ''operating parameters'' (pressure, temperature…) are defined by parameters associated with ''guide words''(more, less, no for instance) so that deviations are revealed and quantified. As a consequence, the plant is reviewed in a safer, more reliable and more efficient way.

S172284: /* Select a process parameter */

2017-10-01T14:51:54Z

Select a process parameter

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	===Select a process parameter===		===Select a process parameter===
	The most usual process parameters are:<ref name="DAS" />		The most usual process parameters are:<ref name="DAS" />
	~~{\| class="wikitable"~~
	\| Flow		*Flow
	\| Temperature		*Temperature
	\| Pressure		*Pressure
	\|-		*Level
	\| Level		*Agitation
	\| Agitation		*Mixing
	\| Mixing
	\|}

	Other examples of process parameters:		Other examples of process parameters:
	~~{\| class="wikitable"~~		*pH
	\| pH		*Composition
	\| Composition		*Addition
	\| Addition		*Separation
	\| Separation		*Transfer
	\| Transfer		*Reaction
	\|-		*Control
	\| Reaction		*Particle size
	\| Control		*Speed
	\| Particle size		*Communication
	\| Speed		*Viscosity
	\| Communication		*Time
	\|-		*Start/Stop
	\| Viscosity		*Measure
	\| Time		*Impurities
	\| Start/Stop
	\| Measure
	\| Impurities
	\|}

	Parameters are associated with guide words in order to spot the possible deviations of the study nodes. Each study nodes are characterized by specific process parameters.		Parameters are associated with guide words in order to spot the possible deviations of the study nodes. Each study nodes are characterized by specific process parameters.

S172284 at 14:42, 1 October 2017

2017-10-01T14:42:34Z

Show changes

S172284: /* irreliminary HAZOP = */

2017-10-01T12:08:49Z

irreliminary HAZOP =

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	==~~irreliminary~~ HAZOP ===		===Preliminary HAZOP ===

	Most of the time, systems require preliminary analysis. It helps to define the boundaries of the system the team is going to study. HAZOP’s scope is also discussed.		Most of the time, systems require preliminary analysis. It helps to define the boundaries of the system the team is going to study. HAZOP’s scope is also discussed.

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Advantages and Limits of the method

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	Even though the Hazard and Operability analysis method can allow companies to detect possible deviation, it has some '''limits''':		Even though the Hazard and Operability analysis method can allow companies to detect possible deviation, it has some '''limits''':<ref name="rausand"/> <ref name="DAS"/>

	:: -An accurate knowledge of the system is required.		:: -An accurate knowledge of the system is required.

S172284: /* Advantages and Limits of the method */

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Advantages and Limits of the method

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	==Advantages and Limits of the method==		==Advantages and Limits of the method==

	HAZOP was created in the 70s and is still used by many companies in order to manage technical projects. Related to energy and material flow, this method has some '''advantages''':		HAZOP was created in the 70s and is still used by many companies in order to manage technical projects. Related to energy and material flow, this method has some '''advantages''':<ref name="rausand"/> <ref name="DAS"/>

	:: -HAZOP is a systematic, simple and comprehensive process .		:: -HAZOP is a systematic, simple and comprehensive process .
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	:: -Most of the time, some team members dominate the discussion.		:: -Most of the time, some team members dominate the discussion.
	:: -HAZOP is not an audit in order to enhance the design or the procedure of the system.		:: -HAZOP is not an audit in order to enhance the design or the procedure of the system.
	:: -This method is not suited for program and portfolio management because it cannot assess interaction between systems, particularly if the link is not physical (cables, pipes). If HAZOP is applied on a program or a portfolio, the parts would be so much divided that it would result in analyzing each project in the program or in the portfolio.		:: -This method is not suited for program and portfolio management because it cannot assess interaction between systems, particularly if the link is not physical (cables, pipes). If HAZOP is applied on a program or a portfolio, the parts would be so much divided that it would result in analyzing each project in the program or in the portfolio.


	==References==		==References==

S172284: /* References */

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References

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	<ref name="PQRI">PQRI. ''Manufacturing Technology Committee –Risk Management Working Group. Risk Management Training Guides''. Last modification: 3 December 2015. Last view: 22 September 2017. http://pqri.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/pdf/HAZOP_Training_Guide.pdf</ref>		<ref name="PQRI">PQRI. ''Manufacturing Technology Committee –Risk Management Working Group. Risk Management Training Guides''. Last modification: 3 December 2015. Last view: 22 September 2017. http://pqri.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/pdf/HAZOP_Training_Guide.pdf</ref>

			<ref name="NSW">NSW Government. ''HAZOP Guidelines'', Hazardous Industry Planning Advisory Paper No 8. January 2011. www.planning.nsw.gov.au</ref>

	<ref name="manca">MANCA, David. ''BFD, PFD, P&ID''. Power point Lab 7 of “Process Systems Engineering” Politecnico di Milan. Last modification: 26 November 2014. Last view: 22 September 2017. pselab.chem.polimi.it</ref>		<ref name="manca">MANCA, David. ''BFD, PFD, P&ID''. Power point Lab 7 of “Process Systems Engineering” Politecnico di Milan. Last modification: 26 November 2014. Last view: 22 September 2017. pselab.chem.polimi.it</ref>
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	</references>		</references>


	~~NSW Government. ''HAZOP Guidelines'', Hazardous Industry Planning Advisory Paper No 8. January 2011. www.planning.nsw.gov.au~~

S172284: /* Team Members */

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Team Members

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	A team performing HAZOP should be composed from four to height multidisciplinary members. The facilitator (chairperson) must be experienced with HAZOP to ensure that his team do not diverge from the procedure. The Responsible Officer and him select the HAZOP team members. These members are from various domains. They will share their knowledge and skills in order to achieve the HAZOP process.		A team performing HAZOP should be composed from four to height multidisciplinary members. The facilitator (chairperson) must be experienced with HAZOP to ensure that his team do not diverge from the procedure. The Responsible Officer and him select the HAZOP team members. These members are from various domains. They will share their knowledge and skills in order to achieve the HAZOP process.

	The basic team is composed of:		The basic team is composed of<ref name="NSW" />:
	* Chairperson: He is an independent person with sufficient knowledge of HAZOP techniques. He doesn’t have any responsibility with the system on which HAZOP is performed, nor with the domain the system will be applied.		* Chairperson: He is an independent person with sufficient knowledge of HAZOP techniques. He doesn’t have any responsibility with the system on which HAZOP is performed, nor with the domain the system will be applied.
	* Project engineer		* Project engineer
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	Once the team is composed, members agree on the focus of the study, on the meeting dates, and they assure everybody know and will use the right HAZOP terminologies.		Once the team is composed, members agree on the focus of the study, on the meeting dates, and they assure everybody know and will use the right HAZOP terminologies.


	===HAZOP Terminology===		===HAZOP Terminology===

S172284: /* Results and record information */

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Results and record information

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	The results are recorded, as well as the scope of this study, the description of the facilities, the methodology and the action plan recommendations.		The results are recorded, as well as the scope of this study, the description of the facilities, the methodology and the action plan recommendations.
	During a project, HAZOP can be repeated after a change in the process mechanism or design. It is useful for evaluating the deviations of an actual system. This method gathers a lot of information various plants, systems, mechanisms that can be used during a project consideration.		During a project, HAZOP can be repeated after a change in the process mechanism or design. It is useful for evaluating the deviations of an actual system. This method gathers a lot of information about various plants, systems, mechanisms that can be used during a project consideration.

	==Advantages and Limits of the method==		==Advantages and Limits of the method==

S172284: /* Select a process parameter */

2017-10-01T11:44:22Z

Select a process parameter

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	\| Particle size		\| Particle size
	\| Speed		\| Speed
	\|Communication		\| Communication
	\|-		\|-
	\| Viscosity		\| Viscosity
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	\| Start/Stop		\| Start/Stop
	\| Measure		\| Measure
			\| Impurities
	\|}		\|}